Drug Addiction World

Drug addiction is the compulsive use of a substance, despite its negative or dangerous effects. Drug dependence means that a person needs a drug to function normally. Abruptly stopping the drug causes withdrawal symptoms. Addiction is a complex disorder characterized by compulsive drug use. People who are addicted feel an overwhelming, uncontrollable need for drugs or alcohol, even in the face of negative consequences.

Drug Addiction

Drug addiction is a complex condition characterized by intense and, at times, uncontrollable drug craving, along with the desire to compulsively seek and use drugs that persists even in the face of devastating consequences. While the path to drug addiction begins with the voluntary act of taking drugs, over time, the ability of a person to choose not to do so becomes compromised and seeking and consuming the drug becomes compulsive. This behavior results largely from the effects of prolonged drug exposure on brain functioning. Addiction is a brain disease that affects multiple brain circuits, including those involved in reward and motivation, learning and memory and inhibitory control over behavior. Some individuals are more susceptible to becoming an addict, depending on genetic makeup, age of exposure to drugs, other environmental influences and the interplay of all these factors. Addiction is often more than just compulsive drug consumption and can have far reaching consequences. For example, drug abuse and addiction increase the risk of a person to have a variety of other mental and physical illnesses related to a drug abuse. People may suffer the toxic effects of the drugs themselves. Additionally, a wide range of dysfunctional behaviors may result from drug abuse and interfere with normal functioning within a family, the workplace and the community. Because drug abuse and addiction have so many dimensions and disrupt so many aspects of the life of an individual, treatment is not simple. Effective treatment programs typically incorporate many components, each directed to a particular aspect of the illness and its consequences. Addiction treatment must help the individual stop using drugs, maintain a lifestyle free of drugs and achieve productive functioning in the family, at work and in society. Because addiction is typically a chronic disease, people cannot simply stop using drugs for a few days and halt addiction. Most patients require long term or repeated episodes of care to achieve the ultimate goal of sustained abstinence and recovery of quality of life. Research and clinical practices demonstrate the value of continued care in treating addiction, with researchers studying a variety of approaches in both residential and community settings. The future holds new research results on the influence of genetics and environment on gene function and expression, which will herald the development of personalized treatment interventions. Clinicians will integrate this information with current evidence that supports the most effective drug abuse and addiction treatments and implementation.

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Driving Drunk

Driving a two-ton vehicle sober is itself a formidable task, requiring the driver to give unadulterated attention. Attempting to drive after consuming any alcohol is not a good idea even, if the blood alcohol level of the driver is not at the legal limit of .08. Alcohol consumption impairment varies from person to person. Weight, gender, the amount of food a person has eaten and the speed at which a person drinks factor into how quickly someone becomes impaired. Since alcohol tolerance has a number of variables at play, it is best to err on the side of caution and not drink and drive at all. Here is what current research indicates about blood alcohol levels and its impact on impairment.
At a .02 blood alcohol level, a person begins to have an altered relaxed mood with some loss of judgment. When driving this person may have a decline in visual acuity, decreasing the ability to track moving objects and a decline in the ability to perform two tasks at the same time.

.05 Blood Alcohol Level

At a .05 blood alcohol level a person starts to feel good, with lowered alertness and decreased inhibition. A person may also exhibit exaggerated behavior, impaired judgment and the loss of small- muscle control, like the ability to focus the eyes. When behind the wheel with this blood alcohol level, the driver will have reduced coordination, a decline in steering agility, reduced ability to track two moving objects and a decline in the ability to respond to an emergency.
When a person reaches a blood alcohol level of .08, muscle coordination becomes poor. This affects balance, speech, vision, reaction time and hearing. The Judgment, reasoning, memory and self-control of a person become impaired and the person loses the ability to detect danger. A driver will experience impaired concentration, speed control, perception and short-term memory loss in addition to a reduction in information processing capability, the ability to process signal detection and visual search.
When a person reaches a blood alcohol level of .10, the person experiences a deterioration of reaction time and control, slurred speech and poor coordination. When driving, there is a reduced ability to maintain lanes and brake efficiently. After drinking use the foot mode of transportation or have someone else do the driving.
Source: http://www.madd.org/drunk-driving/understanding-08.html